Chicago Booth European Conference 2010

10 05 2010

The European Business Group (EBG) hosted on last Monday, April 12th, its first European Conference, that gathered some of the most outstanding European and North American leaders of the political and corporate world under the theme “Exploring Challenges and Opportunities for EU/US business”.

One of the guest of honor at the conference was Mr. Jose Maria Aznar, former Prime Minister of Spain, who opened the event with a speech about the importance of transatlantic relations for the future of Europe. Mr. Aznar lamented that the current US administration is giving lower importance to this relation with Europe in favor of other regions of the world, in particular Asia and Middle East. Mr. Aznar also placed special emphasis on the necessity of creating a free market without transatlantic trade barriers and do not fall into the old temptation of protectionism as a response to the current economic crisis. Mr. Aznar explained that the liberalization of the transatlantic market regarding services, capital and knowledge is necessary to improve the competitiveness of the European Union. According to Mr. Aznar, these political and economic reforms must be accompanied by a strong commitment to the defense of freedom against the threat of totalitarianism, global terrorism and the proliferation of nuclear weapons. In this sense, NATO must take a leading role in the fight against terrorism.

The conference then hosted three panel discussions and a lunch keynote. The topic of the first panel discussion of the conference, Messrs. Alessandro Motta, Martin Rouine, Javier Ruperez and Dirk Willen Schiff, respectively Consul Generals of Italy, Ireland, Spain and the Netherlands in Chicago, discussed about the particular features of the economies of their countries, and identified the major weaknesses of the EU’s lack of a genuine common fiscal and economic policy.

The next panel focused on Innovation and Competitiveness, included representatives from the Case New Holland / Fiat Group, DSM Desotech, NAVTEQ, Aviva North America and the EU Delegation to the US. After the panel, Mr. Abe Tomas Hughes, Vice President Director of Business Development  of Case New Holland / Fiat Group for the Americas made a keynote speech about  “International Business and the
MBA – A Hands-On Perspective”.

The third panel addressed the Future of Transatlantic Finance, where executives of Deutsche bank, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and JP Morgan Securities, Inc. made a thorough analysis of the current financial panorama in Europe and the US.

Mr. Yiannos Papantoniou, former Minister for National Economy and Finance of Greece, was in charge of closing the conference with a speech and a round of questions about the Euro Crisis. According to Mr. Papantoniou, “The absence of a central supervisory authority for the financial system has created doubts as to the ability of the weaker member-countries to bail out their banks. Credit risks spread sharply so that over-indebted countries such as Greece started to borrow at much higher interest rates in relation to Germany. This tendency, reinforced by negative ratings by international agencies, may lead to credit crises, even to default. The Greek crisis has highlighted the fact that the euro is a monetary union but not a political union. It does possess a central bank, but not a Treasury. The central bank can provide liquidity in times of crisis, though only a Treasury can address problems of solvency.”

Finally Mr. Papantoniou highlighted that the Euro Crisis does also represent an opportunity for a leap forward in the integration process. “Difficult as it may seem today, unification should proceed to higher levels so that Europe attains a stronger position in the international system”, Mr. Papantoniou said.

For the European Business Group, the organization of Chicago Booth European Conference 2010 required a considerable amount of time and efforts. Organizing the first European Business Conference has been a challenge, and we would like to thank all the speakers, our sponsors; The Case New Holland / Fiat Group, Deutsche Bank and DSM, the professors, volunteers and participants for helping us to make it happened.  It is the wish of all of us to see this conference become better every year, and that’s why we have already started to work on the next year edition. There are still many challenges and opportunities for EU/US businesses to explore, and we look forward to meeting you again next year!

The European Business Group:

More information:





Unrestricted Work Authorization in the US

9 11 2009
Green Card in the US

Green Card in the US

One of the biggest challenges for international MBA students in the US is landing into a full-time position in a company willing to sponsor their working visa.

Unfortunately, the number of companies willing to sponsor international candidates is very small (except in consulting).

The Myths

1) Visa sponsorship involves additional costs.

FALSE. This is only around 5000 USD, which is much less than the salary they will pay you (hopefully!)

2) It is difficult to justify that you hire a foreigner because the required skills cannot be found in the US.

FALSE. It depends on how specific you are about skills in the visa application. You cannot just justify it based on the requirement to have an MBA degree and experience in industry A, because there are thousands of American falling in that description. But you are much more credible if you say you need somebody with experience developing operations strategy in industry A in country B, with experience dealing with senior management and leading multi-cultural teams, with intra-preneurial experience, fluent in language A and language B, with contacts in industry C, with a diploma thesis in field D… Not surprisingly, the way you write the Visa application influences the result.

The Reason

The main reason why companies choose not to sponsor is because the US Government can refuse a visa application without any explanation. The extension of a previously awarded visa can also be refused without any explanation. Companies do not like taking this risk. Only companies with the resources to lobby the government adequately are comfortable with this risk. The real problem is that the Government is not reliable regarding visa applications.

On top of that, the TARP program (Troubled Asset Release Program) of the US government makes things even more difficult for international MBA students, especially those interested in Banking. The TARP program is a US government initiative to address the subprime mortgage crisis and strengthen its financial sector. TARP states that companies receiving funds under TARP cannot sponsor an international student if they make an American worker redundant.

The Long Term Implications

If you look at American history, this country is currently the number one in the world because it has traditionally sourced talent from anywhere in the world. If this practice stops now, this will no longer be the US in 50 years. It will just be a second range country somewhere in the North of the Gulf of Mexico.

Additional Resources: TARP

Read this interesting  article from scholarship for USA about the impact of TARP program  on job opportunities for international students.





Chicago Booth Random Walk: Interview to Luis, a baggage porter in the Andes

13 09 2009
Baggage porter in the Peruvian Andes

Baggage porter in the Peruvian Andes

In late August, I took part in a wonderful travel to Peru with some of my Chicago Booth classmates. This kind of travels organized by the Business School is called “Random Walk”.

In Peru, we hiked 45 km during 5 days along the renowned Inca Trail and we arrived on foot at Machupicchu, the lost city of the incas.

A number of local porters was helping us with our luggage in the Inca Trail. This article reproduces my conversations with one of them, whom we will call “Luis”.

“Luis: the future is tourism”

Globthink: Hola Luis!

Luis: Hola

Globthink: Where are you from?

Luis: We are from Misminay

Globthink: Ahhh, tell me about Misminay? How many inhabitants are there? What do people there do?

Luis: Well… It is a small village. A lot of people people, especially the elderly and women, work on agriculture. But men, especially the young, are now working in tourism carrying baggages in the Andes as I am doing.

Globthink: Why did people change from agriculture to tourism?

Luis: We used to be very poor. If you grow vegetables you have money once a year but if you work in tourism you have money every month.

Globthink: When did tourism start here?

Luis: Around 15 years ago more or less. We used to be much more poor before. Now it is better.

Globthink: So how much does a normal porter earn on average right now?

Luis: Around 900 Soles. That is much, much more than as a peasant.

[Globthink note: 300 USD]

Globthink: So what do you think of toursim in Machupichu and the Inca Trail?

Luis: Tourism is the future.

Globthink: Hey Luis, yesterday in the mountains, I saw children coming from School. Where is that school?

Luis: Well, it depends. Most villages do not have a school. Many children have to walk to the train station and then go to a school in a bigger village.

Globthink: But Luis, when I saw those children we were around two hours away from the station. Do you mean those children walk two hours across the mountains everyday to go to the school and two hours to come back?

Lusi: Yes

Globthink: Waaaahhhh! What do children learn in the school?

Luis: Everything: mathematics, Spanish…

Globthink: Do they also learn Quechua?

[Globthink note: Quechua is Luis' native language, the language that was spoken by the Inca before the Conquistadores arrived in the XVI century]

Luis: Yes. They do.

[Globthink note: this is true for some village school but is not the case for bigger cities like Cusco where the vehicular language is only Spanish]

Globthink: Do you think it is important that children learn Quechua?

Luis: Yes, it is. But they should also learn English, French, German… There are many tourists

Globthink: Luis, can you read?

Luis: Not much

Globthink: Changing the topic, what does the Goverment for native Peruvians in the Andes?

Luis: Not much

Globthink: But  I was told you have a now a school in Misminay. You did not have one before. Who built the school then?

Luis: The State

[Globthink note: Luis contradicts his previous statement. Obviously the debate about how much the State should intervene in native communities is a complicate one. Too much intervention may destroy local culture. Too little will leave native Peruvians poor and excluded from the society]

Globthink: So, Luis, what do native Peruvians want to do? Do they usually prefer to migrate to the cities to be “more integrated” into the Peruvian society? Or do they prefer to stay in the villages and have a “more traditional” way of living?

Luis: We want to stay in our villages

Globthink: Luis, do you know who was Che Guevera?

Luis: No

Globthink: Che Gevara was a guy who travelled a lot in Latin America. He was even here, in Machupicchu. In his travels he discovered the situation of the poor of America and decided to work for the rights of people like you. A friend of him, called Fidel Castro, and he made a revolution in Cuba. They conquered the Goverment but their revolution did not work well and degraded soon into tyranny and oppression.

Luis: Men are too greedy.

Globthink: That’s exactly want happened.

[ Luis changes the topic. He seems not interested in politics]

Luis: How is Spain?

Globthink: Spain is very different from here. Spain is very flat. Most people live in the cities. Now we have a lot of Latin Americans living in Spain. There are many Peruvians also and… well… Now it is maybe easier for immigrants in Spain because they can talk with their families on the Internet. So they may not feel nostalgic.

Luis: What is the Internet?

Globthink: Well, the Internet is just like a phone. It is just that you read instead of listening and you write instead of talking. And it is cheaper.

Luis: I see.

Globthink: Luis, coming to such a beautiful place and enjoying the landscape and fresh air of the Andes is already great. But been able of doing it with good food, tents, gas bottles, coffee in the morning and everything you and other porters carry for us is absolutely wonderful. In my name and in that of my classmates, I want to thank you for everything you are doing for us. Thank you so much.

[Globthink note: Luis smiles and looks downwards]

Luis: Thank you!


Image: the image belongs to one of the classmates who travelled with me to Peru.





Perspectivas profesionales MBA en España

7 09 2009
Perspectiva

Perspectiva del patio del Museo de Bellas Artes de Valencia

Me gustaría hablar sobre la manera en que muchos estudiantes españoles de MBA en EEUU ven sus posibles perspectivas profesionales en España. Quisiera recalcar que esto no es un estudio científico sino mas bién una cuestión de sentimiento.

Para comenzar una carrera en puestos directivos en España es normalmente necesario haber tenido ya un puesto directivo antes. Para empezar esta carrera en EEUU es necesario un MBA. Con la notable excepción de la consultoría (no tengo datos sobre finanzas), los MBAs suelen ser menos valorados en España que en EEUU. Existen diferencias de salario (ver ranking de MBA de Financial Times), de estatus y de responsabilidad.

Por este motivo, una estrategia muy común entre los estudiantes españoles de MBA en EEUU es trabajar unos años en EEUU hasta obtener un puesto de responsabilidad y, posteriormente, volver a España (a menudo con la misma empresa) y conseguir valorizar ese puesto allí.

Evidentemente esto es muy relativo. Es cierto que un buen MBA en España, como IE o IESE, ayuda a entablar una carrera ejecutiva y también es cierto que el pertenecer a una élite directiva también ayuda en EEUU. Pero en general, creo no equivocarme al insinuar que la sociedad norteamericana es más meritocrática que la española.

Ver post relacionado sobre la vuelta a España de MBAs. Este es otro post de opinión personal que no es en absoluto científico.

Imagen: la imagen ha sido tomada de www.baldheretic.com





Nationalities

17 08 2009
Flags in the hall of the Willis Tower in Chicago

Flags in the hall of the Willis Tower in Chicago

I am Spanish and Basque and this is the way I feel.

When I was living in Germany, I went on holidays to Venice. At Saint Marc’s square, I heard some people speaking German and I felt they were my fellow countrymen.

When I was living in Paris, I went to Rome. On the stairs to the top of Saint Peter’s Cathedral, I enjoyed talking to them. I also felt I was French.

When I was living in China, I went back to Paris to a conference. I was representing the Chinese subsidiaries of my company. I lost my badge and when I was asked where I came from in order to get a new one. I answered I came from China. I was very proud of it.

And now I have just arrived to the US. I am sure America will also make me proud to be an American!





Cultural Shock

13 08 2009
Sock Sign

Sock Sign

Those who saw me frightened running away from Chinatown in New York could have never imagined I would speak fair mandarin seven years later.

I visited New York when I was 21 on a stop-over on my way back to Spain after a summer job in Denali National Park (Alaska). As soon as I stepped into Chinatown, I got so absorbed looking at the exotic kinds of fish on the street market, that I did not realizeI was going deeper into a new world. Suddenly I lifted my eyes and found myself surrounded by a crowd of people with unfamiliar facial features, bargaining in a musically strange language. I panicked so much that I literally ran away into Little Italy where I could finally fell protected.

That day in Chinatown I learnt that fear of the unknown is one of the reasons for narrow-mindedness. That day in Chinatown, I was narrow-minded.

This story was constantly on my mind when, years later, I worked in China. In one of my frequent travels across Asia, I visited a vendor in Shanghai to know more about a software application. When I founded myself in a meeting room with a dozen people speaking mandarin I felt a bit troubled, but this time I had learnt the lesson. There was nothing to be afraid of.  Those faces were no longer unfamiliar. That language was no longer strange but musically delighting. I put into practice my four years of mandarin lessons and my local colleagues helped to understand the difficult parts of the conversation. The meeting was a success.

Cultural shocks are something that happens to everybody. The important thing is to learn from them.

Image: the shock sign was found on the web page of the North Carolina Industrial Commission.





La mujer oriental y la mujer occidental

12 08 2009
Gene Tierney as Victoria Charteris in Josef Von Sternberg’s The Shanghai Gesture (1941)

Gene Tierney as Victoria Charteris in Josef Von Sternberg’s The Shanghai Gesture (1941)

En general y partiendo del hecho de que todas las generalizaciones son falsas, creo que las mujeres piensan de manera muy diferente en Oriente y Occidente.

La mujer occidental busca independencia, entre otras muchísimas cosas que son también muy importantes, mientras que la mujer oriental otorga una gran prioridad a la búsqueda de la seguridad, la cual en ocasiones puede conseguirse mediante la dependencia de alguien.

Tanto Aristóteles en Occidente como Confucio en Oriente creían en un modelo de mujer subordinada al hombre . El movimiento feminista, junto con diversos fenómenos económicos, han creado una sociedad más igualitaria en cuestión de sexos. Sin embargo este cambio en Oriente se está produciendo con poco de retraso con respecto a Occidente. Hay diversos factores económicos y culturales para explicar este retraso.

¿Evolucionará la mujer oriental hacia los niveles de emancipación femenina que son normales hoy en día en Occidente? Eso no lo sé. Pero lo que si sé es que la filosofía de Confucio esta mucho más presente en la vida diaria de los orientales que la de Aristóteles en la de los occidentales.

Como este es un tema polémico, del que es fácil salir malparado, lo voy a dejar aquí…





La reconciliación del extranjero

11 08 2009
Don Quijote por Pablo Picasso

Don Quijote por Pablo Picasso

Muchas de las personas que nos hemos marchado lejos de casa hemos sufrido una especie de ruptura emocional con nuestros países o regiones de origen. Algunos han abandonado sus países debido a una desilusión con la sociedad donde vivían. Otros tal vez se fueron por curiosidad, por placer o por tener una experiencia diferente, y una vez fuera se enamoraron del nuevo mundo de posibilidades que acababan de descubrir, a cuyo lado sus propios países les parecieron poco.

Yo creo que es una fase que muchos inmigrantes experiencian. Lo importante es superar esta fase, es decir, reconciliarse con el país de origen. Si no, nunca se seráverdaderamente internacional y nunca se será feliz.

He visto muchos inmigrantes hispanos en EEUU que no han querido transmitir el castellano a sus hijos. Yo creo que este es un error, no solamente porque priva a los hijos de un patrimonio lingüístico que les será muy útil en su proceso de maduración y en su futuro profesional, sino, sobre todo, porque los padres están negando sus orígenes, sus verdaderas personalidades, y, en definitiva, se están negando a sí mismos.

En la mayoría de los casos, la reconciliación con sus orígenes es un proceso de desarrollo personal y de madurez que llega tarde o temprano. En otras ocasiones puede haber catalizadores que nos ayuden a reconciliarnos, como por ejemplo, amigos del país de origen, el cine, la literatura, el arte… Por ejemplo, en mi caso, este catalizador fue un libro: El Quijote.

Don Quijote también sufrió sus fases de ruptura y de reconciliación. Rompió con sus orígenes cuando salió de casa en busca de aventuras, como yo hice cuando fui a Alemania y a Francia, pero fue tan abierto de miras que con el tiempo se reconcilió con sí mismo y se volvió cuerdo otra vez. Don Quijote, para mí, es un modelo a seguir, un hombre visionario, justiciero, tolerante, abierto de miras, transgresor, aventurero, perseverante, innovador… Don Quijote me hizo re-descubrir estos valores y me ayudó a superar mi fase de ruptura.





Moroccan women, the veil and a deeper dilemma

10 08 2009

Velo I am absolutely a big ignorant about the Arab world. As an ignorant, there is something that has really surprised me when I travelled to Morocco last week:

In Morocco, some women wear the veil, some don’t; some women cover their bodies with long robes (Djellaba) and full headscarves, others wear T-shirt and jeans and other women sunbath in bikini by the swimming pool. All of them seem to live together in the same neighborhood and there is no problem at all.

This wonderful example of tolerance is something that in had already seen in Malaysia. But the difference is that virtually all women are Muslin in Morocco while in Malaysia only half of them are. The rest are Buddhist, Taoist, Hinduists or Christians and, as a result, do not wear the veil.

I enquired some local male individuals about this variety of clothing and I found out that:

  • Both western clothes and burka-like clothes are considered the result of recent foreign influence, either from the West or from more traditional Islamic countries. However the djellaba and the headscarf are tradional Moroccan clothes.
  • Many people are critical to burka-like clothes
  • Many people are open to western clothes and define them as “modern”, which is a very positive definition indeed.
  • Headscarves are not only a religious symbol. They tell you a lot about the political ideas of people wearing them, who are usually conservative.

These different kinds of fashion not only show different kinds of women and different kinds of thinking, but also reflect the debate in Moroccan society about women’s rights, about what means to a woman and what is women’s role in society. Not long time ago, there used to be a very similar debate in western countries. I think it is good this debate arouses also in the Islamic world.

The Moroccan government is worried about a possible expansion of Islamic fundamentalism in Morocco and therefore promotes moderate interpretations of the Islam, like for example showing women with and without headscarves in textbooks. But some conservative people consider this is undermining Morocco’s Islamic traditions.

Headscarves are only a small part of a much deeper dilemma:  should Morocco take laic democracies as a model or should it get inspired in more traditional Islamic countries? Burka-like clothes and bikinis are just a small side effect of these two huge foreign forces influencing Morocco and other Muslim countries in North Africa.

References:

Image: I found the image on teh blogLa Suerte Sonríe a los Audazes





Vascos de altos vuelos

10 08 2009

Este artículo sobre mi salió publicado en las sección “Vascos de altos vuelos” del diario “El Correo” en marzo de 2008.

Yo resumiría el artículo con el termino “amplitud de miras”

El artículo, escrito por Matilde Lineo es muy interesante y Matilde es una periodista estupenda, simpática y muy profesional.

«No puedo quedarme en el mismo sitio para siempre»

Después de haber visitado más de una treintena de países, este bilbaíno reside en Hong Kong desde hace dos años

02.03.08 – Matilde Lineo

Condor Andino

Cóndor Andino

Se siente «un ciudadano del mundo». Y no es para menos. Este joven bilbaíno, residente en Hong Kong desde hace dos años, asegura que a lo largo de su vida ha visitado más de treinta países: Estados Unidos, Venezuela, Australia, Singapur, Japón… hasta recalar en China. «He estado en casi todo el mundo», presume. Lo cierto es que desde pequeño le gustó viajar y es un gran amante de los idiomas. Así que llegado el momento, decidió que debía conocer otras culturas, ampliar sus horizontes personales y profesionales, y «sentir que las fronteras son de humo». En fin, un valiente aventurero.

Ya en sus años universitarios, cuando quedó primero de su promoción, se animó a pasar un curso de Erasmus en Alemania, lo que significó «multiplicar» las oportunidades profesionales. Después, cuando concluyó la experiencia, la curiosidad y las ganas de conocer ya le habían picado lo suficiente como para no parar. Así que se fue a Francia, «porque me apetecía conocer el país». Allí comenzó a trabajar para France Telecom, una empresa en la que ejerció como ingeniero de investigación y desarrollo. Después, ya en París, pasó a una gran compañía dedicada al tratamiento de agua potable del grifo.

Al mismo tiempo, conoció a una estudiante china de la que se enamoró y, cuando le nombraron coordinador de proyectos informáticos en la zona Asia-Pacífico, no lo dudó. El amor y el trabajo le guiaban hasta el gigante asiático. «Es un empleo interesante porque me permite viajar mucho. Vivo en Hong Kong, pero voy de aquí para allá, de manera que conozco prácticamente todos los países de Asia Oriental». Es comprensible que, al menos de momento, no se plantee regresar. «Tengo previsto seguir viviendo en China unos años más. Además, he estado en tantos lugares que ya no puedo quedarme en el mismo sitio para siempre», confiesa. 

Amplitud de miras 

Pedro está perfectamente adaptado a la sociedad oriental. Es feliz con la vida que lleva y se siente a gusto. «Los extranjeros en China somos admirados. La verdad es que nos tratan muy bien», revela. Y no vacila a la hora de recomendar la experiencia. «Cuando no has salido nunca de casa se ven las cosas de manera más automática. En cambio, el viajar te proporciona amplitud de miras, de mente. Yo, por ejemplo, cuando llego a un nuevo lugar siempre asumo que no sé cómo van a resultar las cosas», relata. Una declaración de principios en toda regla.

Aunque si este bilbaíno tiene que destacar «algo negativo» del gigante asiático, lo tiene bastante claro. «¿La contaminación que hay es monstruosa!», exclama tajante. Y asegura que el cielo de Bilbao es algo que echa de menos. «Aquí no lo ves de ese color tan azul por ningún sitio», desvela el ingeniero. 

A pesar de que no tiene en mente la vuelta al País Vasco, sí tiene previsto estrechar lazos profesionales con Bilbao. «Toda la vida laboral la he hecho fuera de allí, así que ahora me gustaría tener algún tipo de conexión», concluye. Lo intentará, a ver si lo consigue.

«Entré en un bazar chino de Bilbao y les hablé en mandarín»

Completamente alucinados. Así se quedaron los comerciantes que regentan un ‘Todo a cien’ en la capital vizcaína cuando Pedro [...] se dirigió a ellos en su propio idioma. Seguro que nunca se hubieran imaginado que les podría ocurrir algo así. «Hace un tiempo entré en un bazar chino en Bilbao y les hablé en mandarín. ¿Se quedaron muy sorprendidos!», revela el bilbaíno. La conversación que mantuvieron fue muy sencilla. «Me contaron de dónde venían, me recomendaron que visitara su ciudad… Hablamos sobre cosas muy normales. ¿Me miraban raro! Supongo que era el primer occidental que se dirigía a ellos en mandarín», revela.

Y es que los idiomas nunca han supuesto un problema para Pedro. «Soy trilingüe. De hecho, domino el inglés, el francés y, por supuesto, el castellano», sostiene. Pero aquí no acaban sus conocimientos lingüísticos. «Hablo alemán fluido, el euskera tendría que revisarlo y controlo el mandarín a nivel conversacional. Las reuniones de trabajo las hago con un traductor, pero en la comida posterior me desenvuelvo en esta lengua», asegura. Todo un profesional.

Imagen: cóndor andino del parque nacional de Calilegua (Argentina). He tomado la imagen de esta página.








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